See ditcher on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"ditch",
"ditch#English"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#English:_agent_noun"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "ditch<pos:verb>",
"4": "-er<id:agent noun>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "From ditch (verb) + -er.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "ditch<pos:verb>",
"4": "-er<id:agent noun>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *dīkaz\nProto-West Germanic *dīk\nOld English dīċ\nMiddle English dich\nEnglish ditch\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish ditcher\nFrom ditch (verb) + -er.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ditch (verb) + -er.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ditchers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ditcher (plural ditchers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who digs ditches."
],
"id": "en-ditcher-en-noun-DRLasyvI",
"links": [
[
"dig",
"dig"
],
[
"ditch",
"ditch"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "one who digs ditches",
"word": "kopáč příkopů"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "one who digs ditches",
"word": "ojankaivaja"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a ditcher of perfectly good ideas"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who ditches, or abandons."
],
"id": "en-ditcher-en-noun-jaSvNDA8",
"links": [
[
"abandon",
"abandon"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "one who abandons",
"word": "hylkääjä"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "one who abandons",
"word": "hautaaja"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-ditcher.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-ditcher.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-ditcher.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"word": "ditcher"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*dīkaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dīkaz"
],
[
"*dīk",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/dīk"
],
[
"dīċ",
"dic#Old_English"
],
[
"dich",
"dich#Middle_English"
],
[
"ditch",
"ditch#English"
],
[
"*-eh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eh₂"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_athematic"
],
[
"*-yós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yós#Proto-Indo-European:_suffix"
],
[
"*-āsios",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āsios#Proto-Italic:_adjective"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_adjective"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_agent_noun"
],
[
"*-ārijaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ārijaz#Proto-Germanic:_noun"
],
[
"*-ārī",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-ārī#Proto-West_Germanic:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Old_English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Middle_English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_agent_noun"
],
[
"-ier",
"-ier#Old_French:_nouns"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#Middle_English:_agentive"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#English:_relational"
],
[
"ditch",
"ditch#English"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#English:_relational"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "ditch<pos:noun>",
"4": "-er<id:relational>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *dīkaz\nProto-West Germanic *dīk\nOld English dīċ\nMiddle English dich\nEnglish ditch\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish ditcher\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*dīk\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"dīċ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"dich\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"ditch\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\", \"pos\" : \"noun\" }, { \"id\" : \"relational\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-āsijos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-eh₂s(i)yós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-eh₂so-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂\", \"status\" : \"ambiguous\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-so-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-o-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āsios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agentive\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":nom\", \"3\" : \"-ārius<id:adjective>\", \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"title\" : \"-ārius\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ier\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"ditcher\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"ditcher\">\nFrom ditch (noun) + -er.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "ditch<pos:noun>",
"4": "-er<id:relational>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *dīkaz\nProto-West Germanic *dīk\nOld English dīċ\nMiddle English dich\nEnglish ditch\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish ditcher\nFrom ditch (noun) + -er.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *dīkaz\nProto-West Germanic *dīk\nOld English dīċ\nMiddle English dich\nEnglish ditch\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish ditcher\nFrom ditch (noun) + -er.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ditchers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ditcher (plural ditchers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 26 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 27 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 27 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 26 47",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 25 49",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 29 41",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 24 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 15 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 24 51",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 23 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 22 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
16
]
],
"ref": "1920, George Thomas Burrows, Bowls: How to Excel at the Game, page 89:",
"text": "Should a ditcher in any circumstances return to the green it must be placed on the bank.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In the game of bowls, a bowl that rolls off the green into the outer ditch."
],
"id": "en-ditcher-en-noun-R8nAUKPy",
"links": [
[
"bowls",
"bowls"
],
[
"bowl",
"bowl"
],
[
"green",
"green"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "last-ditcher"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-ditcher.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-ditcher.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-ditcher.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-ditcher.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-ditcher.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"word": "ditcher"
}
{
"categories": [
"English agent nouns",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
"English terms suffixed with -er (relational)",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"ditch",
"ditch#English"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#English:_agent_noun"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"2": ":af",
"3": "ditch<pos:verb>",
"4": "-er<id:agent noun>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "From ditch (verb) + -er.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "ditch<pos:verb>",
"4": "-er<id:agent noun>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *dīkaz\nProto-West Germanic *dīk\nOld English dīċ\nMiddle English dich\nEnglish ditch\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish ditcher\nFrom ditch (verb) + -er.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ditch (verb) + -er.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ditchers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ditcher (plural ditchers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"One who digs ditches."
],
"links": [
[
"dig",
"dig"
],
[
"ditch",
"ditch"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "a ditcher of perfectly good ideas"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who ditches, or abandons."
],
"links": [
[
"abandon",
"abandon"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-ditcher.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-ditcher.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-ditcher.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "one who digs ditches",
"word": "kopáč příkopů"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "one who digs ditches",
"word": "ojankaivaja"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "one who abandons",
"word": "hylkääjä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "one who abandons",
"word": "hautaaja"
}
],
"word": "ditcher"
}
{
"categories": [
"English agent nouns",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms suffixed with -er (relational)",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*dīkaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dīkaz"
],
[
"*dīk",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/dīk"
],
[
"dīċ",
"dic#Old_English"
],
[
"dich",
"dich#Middle_English"
],
[
"ditch",
"ditch#English"
],
[
"*-eh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eh₂"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_athematic"
],
[
"*-yós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yós#Proto-Indo-European:_suffix"
],
[
"*-āsios",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āsios#Proto-Italic:_adjective"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_adjective"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_agent_noun"
],
[
"*-ārijaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ārijaz#Proto-Germanic:_noun"
],
[
"*-ārī",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-ārī#Proto-West_Germanic:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Old_English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Middle_English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_agent_noun"
],
[
"-ier",
"-ier#Old_French:_nouns"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#Middle_English:_agentive"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#English:_relational"
],
[
"ditch",
"ditch#English"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#English:_relational"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "ditch<pos:noun>",
"4": "-er<id:relational>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *dīkaz\nProto-West Germanic *dīk\nOld English dīċ\nMiddle English dich\nEnglish ditch\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish ditcher\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*dīk\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"dīċ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"dich\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"ditch\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\", \"pos\" : \"noun\" }, { \"id\" : \"relational\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-āsijos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-eh₂s(i)yós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-eh₂so-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂\", \"status\" : \"ambiguous\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-so-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-o-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āsios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agentive\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":nom\", \"3\" : \"-ārius<id:adjective>\", \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"title\" : \"-ārius\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ier\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"ditcher\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"ditcher\">\nFrom ditch (noun) + -er.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "ditch<pos:noun>",
"4": "-er<id:relational>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *dīkaz\nProto-West Germanic *dīk\nOld English dīċ\nMiddle English dich\nEnglish ditch\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish ditcher\nFrom ditch (noun) + -er.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *dīkaz\nProto-West Germanic *dīk\nOld English dīċ\nMiddle English dich\nEnglish ditch\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish ditcher\nFrom ditch (noun) + -er.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ditchers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ditcher (plural ditchers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "last-ditcher"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
16
]
],
"ref": "1920, George Thomas Burrows, Bowls: How to Excel at the Game, page 89:",
"text": "Should a ditcher in any circumstances return to the green it must be placed on the bank.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In the game of bowls, a bowl that rolls off the green into the outer ditch."
],
"links": [
[
"bowls",
"bowls"
],
[
"bowl",
"bowl"
],
[
"green",
"green"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-ditcher.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-ditcher.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-ditcher.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-ditcher.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-ditcher.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"word": "ditcher"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ditcher meaning in All languages combined (13.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (19f9a30 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.